Fasaha ta ingiant | Sabbin masana'antu | Afrilu 22, 2025
1. Gabatarwa
Kebul na'urorin jujjuyawar kebul sune na'urorin jujjuyawar kebul waɗanda ke ba da wutar lantarki, wutar lantarki ko siginar sarrafawa ga manyan kayan aikin hannu. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan aikin hannu da yawa a fannoni kamar tashoshin jiragen ruwa, tashoshin jiragen ruwa, ayyukan kiyaye ruwa da ƙarfe, kamar su cranes na gantry, cranes na hasumiya, cranes na portal, cranes na quay, injinan sarrafa kayan abu (masu sake ɗaukar bututun bokiti), cranes na kanti na hydropower dam da motocin flat, hasken mataki da sauti, da sauransu.
2. Fom ɗin Samfura
Dangane da nau'in wutar lantarki, ana iya raba shi zuwa: nau'in hannu, nau'in counterweight, nau'in roba, nau'in injin juyawa, nau'in hysteresis, nau'in watsa mita mai canzawa, nau'in haɗin hydraulic, da nau'in haɗin magnetic.
Dangane da kayan nadawa daban-daban, ana iya raba shi zuwa: kebul na reel, bututun reel (matsakaicin watsawa shine gas, ruwa), kebul na gani na reel.
Ana raba reels na kebul zuwa layukan axial guda ɗaya da layukan axial masu yawa bisa ga tsarin kebul.
An raba igiyoyin kebul zuwa nau'i biyu bisa ga matsayin zoben zamewa mai tarawa: nau'in zoben zamewa na ciki da nau'in zoben zamewa na waje.
3. Ka'idojin ƙira
3.1 Bayani dalla-dalla da nau'ikan kebul
1) Diamita na waje na kebul, wanda ke shafar girman axial na reel kai tsaye.
2) Siffar kebul, zagaye ko lebur. Ana iya ɗaure kebul mai lebur a layi ɗaya kawai.
3) Nauyin na'urar kebul (kg/m) da tsayi suna shafar buƙatar wutar lantarki ta na'urar. Girman nauyin na'urar da tsawonta, haka nan buƙatar wutar lantarki ta na'urar take.
4) Radius mai lanƙwasa na kebul yana shafar ƙaramin diamita na reel ɗin. Idan diamita na reel ɗin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da radius mai lanƙwasa na kebul, kebul ɗin zai lalace.
5) Adadin kebul na tsakiya yana shafar adadin zoben zamewa na masu tarawa.
6) Wutar lantarki da wutar lantarki suna shafar rufin da girman zoben zamewa mai tarawa. Ana iya amfani da nau'in roba ne kawai ga kayan aiki waɗanda ba su kai 500V ba.
3.2. Tsawon lanƙwasa
Yana shafar girman radial da buƙatar wutar lantarki na reel. Tsawon tsayin, haka buƙatar wutar lantarki ke ƙaruwa.
3.3. Saurin motsi na kayan aiki
Yana shafar ƙarfin injin da rabon watsawa na reel ɗin kebul na lantarki. Lokacin da saurin motsi na kayan aiki ya wuce mita 60/minti, ya kamata a zaɓi nau'in sarrafa mita mai canzawa.
3.4. Tsawon shigar da kayan aiki
Mafi girman tsayin shigarwa, mafi girman buƙatar wutar lantarki.
3.5. Hanyar haɗa abubuwa
Hoton hanyar haɗa hoto
3.6. Sauran dalilai
1) Kayan jujjuyawa: ƙarfe mai carbon, ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe 304, ƙarfe mai bakin ƙarfe 316.
2) Matakin kariya: IP55, IP56, IP65
3) Jagorar kebul: ko ana buƙatar jagora, ko jagorar tana buƙatar aikin kariyar tashin hankali
4) Jagorar kebul: ko ana buƙatar jagorar kebul
5) Hanyar samar da wutar lantarki: samar da wutar lantarki ta tsakiya/ƙarshenta, da sauransu.
Tsarin Shigarwa na firam ɗin jagora
4. Tsarin aikace-aikacen na'urorin kebul daban-daban
4.1. Kebul mai nauyin ƙwanƙwasa
Na'ura ce ta injiniya wadda ke juya kebul ta atomatik ta hanyar amfani da ƙa'idar adana makamashi lokacin da aka ɗaga nauyin. Lokacin da aka cire kebul ɗin, ana tura kebul ɗin zuwa juyawa, ta haka ne ke tura igiyar waya da aka haɗa ta da igiyar kebul don juyawa, don ɗaga nauyin da adana kuzarin da ake buƙata. Lokacin da igiyar kebul ɗin ta juya kebul ɗin, nauyin yana raguwa don sakin kuzarin da ake buƙata. A ƙarƙashin tasirin tashin igiyar waya, igiyar kebul ɗin da aka haɗa da igiyar waya za ta juya da juyawar kebul ɗin a lokaci guda.
Amfani: tsari mai sauƙi, aiki mai karko da aminci, sauƙin shigarwa da kulawa, da tsawon rai na sabis.
Rashin amfani: babban girma, iyaka ta hanyar tafiye-tafiye, idan ana buƙatar babban tafiya, dole ne a bar shi da isasshen sararin shigarwa.
Faɗin amfani: crane mai gajeren tafiya na manyan kebul sama da 35mm², motocin ladle, motocin ƙarfe mai narkewa, motocin slag pan a cikin wuraren aikin ƙarfe da sauran kayan aiki. Waɗannan kayan aikin sun dace da wuraren da ke ɗaure kebul da kuma tsakiyar wurin.
4.2. Kebul mai siffar bazara
Na'ura ce ta injiniya wadda ke juya kebul ta atomatik ta hanyar amfani da ƙa'idar adana makamashi ta hanyar sakin maɓuɓɓugar reel ɗin kebul. Idan aka cire kebul ɗin, reel ɗin yana juyawa don ƙara maɓuɓɓugar reel da adana makamashi; idan reel ɗin ya dawo, reel ɗin zai juya kebul ɗin ta atomatik.
Abũbuwan amfãni: kyakkyawan aiki tare, ƙaramin tashin hankali na kebul, ƙarancin farashi.
Rashin Amfani: Saboda ƙarancin tsawon lokacin bazara, tsawon lokacin aikin wannan nau'in reel ɗin yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci kuma yana da iyaka saboda bugun da aka yi masa.
Faɗin amfani: Kebul ɗin da ke kwance da kuma tsaye na igiyoyin wutar lantarki da kebul na sarrafawa a ƙasa da 35mm², kamar ɗaga kofunan tsotsar lantarki na lantarki, kamawa, motocin lantarki masu faɗi da sauran kayan aiki da makamantansu. Waɗannan na'urori sun dace da wuraren ƙarshen kebul da kuma wuraren tsakiya.
4.3. Kebul ɗin haɗin maganadisu
Babban fasahar ita ce amfani da na'urar haɗin maganadisu ta dindindin a matsayin hanyar bambancin aiki. Tsarin haɗa kebul shine cewa wutar lantarki tana tura na'urar don juya kebul ta hanyar haɗin maganadisu na dindindin. Na'urar haɗin da na'urar haɗin suna zamewa daban-daban akai-akai don tabbatar da cewa saurin juyawar kebul iri ɗaya ne da saurin motsi na kayan aiki. Ta hanyar daidaita ƙarfin fitarwa na na'urar haɗin maganadisu na dindindin, ana iya daidaita matsin lambar kebul a cikin wani takamaiman kewayon. Tsarin sakin kebul yana ta hanyar na'urar kama hanya ɗaya, kuma ba za a iya aika wutar zuwa na'urar haɗin da na'urar haɗin ba. A ƙarƙashin aikin matsin lamba na kebul, na'urar haɗin tana shawo kan hysteresis na na'urar sakin kebul kuma tana sakin kebul ɗin a lokaci guda.
Fa'idodi: fasahar zamani da kuma aiki mai tsada. Aikin daidaitawa na reel da kayan aikin hannu yana da karko kuma abin dogaro. Ana amfani da fasahar maganadisu ta dindindin a matakin ƙarshe na tsarin watsawa, tare da ƙarancin gudu kuma babu wani yanayi na dumama; lokacin da aka kunna kebul ɗin kuma aka sake shi, ana iya daidaita matsin lambar kebul don kare kebul ɗin.
Rashin amfani: hayaniya mai yawa.
Faɗin amfani: kebul masu ƙayyadaddun bayanai ƙasa da 35mm², kamar motocin lantarki masu faɗi, kekunan hawa, kekunan hasumiya, kekunan gadoji ko gantry, masu tara kaya da masu sake amfani da su da sauran kayan aiki da makamantansu. Ya dace da wuraren ƙarshen kebul da kuma tsakiyar wuraren.
4.4. Ingantaccen haɗin kebul na maganadisu
Ka'idar wannan kebul na reel iri ɗaya ce da ta sama. Ana iya zaɓar injin diski ko injin birki bisa ga buƙatun mai amfani. Hanyar sarrafa wutar lantarki ta reel ita ce injin reel ɗin kebul yana aiki kuma injin reel ɗin da ke sakin kebul ɗin yana kashewa.
Amfani: tsari mai ƙanƙanta, ƙaramin girma, ƙaramin nauyi, sauƙin shigarwa.
Rashin amfani: hayaniya mai yawa.
4.5. Kebul ɗin motar mai juyi na dogon lokaci
Yana amfani da injin juyi mai ƙarfin juyi mai halaye na tsayawa na dogon lokaci da kuma daidaita saurin gudu kamar ƙarfin. Saurin fitarwa na injin yana raguwa ta atomatik tare da ƙaruwar nauyin waje, kuma saurin kebul na reel ana daidaita shi ta atomatik don ya zama iri ɗaya da saurin tafiya na kayan aiki; lokacin da aka saki kebul, a ƙarƙashin tasirin matsin kebul, ana shawo kan ƙarfin injin tsayawa don sakin kebul ɗin tare; lokacin da aka ajiye motoci da kashe wuta, ana amfani da birkin diski na injin juyi don kulle kebul don tabbatar da cewa kebul ɗin bai zame ba.
Ribobi: Motar koyaushe tana da ƙarfi, ikon sarrafa lantarki yana da sauƙi, ana iya rage ƙimar gazawar, kewayon lanƙwasa kebul yana da girma, kuma tafiyar tana da tsawo.
Rashin Amfani: Lokacin da ake sakin kebul, ya zama dole a shawo kan juriyar karfin wutar lantarki a wurin ajiye motoci, kuma ana bukatar a yi amfani da kananan kebul da taka tsantsan.
Faɗin amfani: manyan kebul kamar su stackers, masu aiki a kan gadoji ko kuma masu amfani da gangry cranes, da kayan aikin hannu da ke gudana a kan nisa mai nisa. Waɗannan na'urori sun dace da wuraren da ke haɗa kebul da kuma wuraren tsakiya.
4.6. Na'urar Haɗa Kebul ta Hysteresis
Faifan da aka yi da ƙarfe mai maganadisu na dindindin yana samar da filin maganadisu mai juyi da yawa. Akwai faifan shigarwa mai ƙarfi a gaban faifan. Lokacin da injin ke tuƙa faifan shigarwa don juyawa a babban gudu, ana tura faifan maganadisu don juyawa ta hanyar haɗin maganadisu. Lokacin da faifan biyu suka sami zamewar sauri, faifan maganadisu mai juyi da yawa zai juya faifan shigarwa a gefe ɗaya, ta haka ne zai samar da karfin juyi (watau "haɗin maganadisu") wanda ke tsayayya da wannan zamewa kuma yana tuƙa (ko birki) faifan maganadisu don juyawa. Motar tana tuƙa faifan kebul don aika wutar lantarki zuwa haɗin hysteresis, kuma bayan raguwa, ƙarfin juyi mai girma ana tura shi zuwa ga kebul na reel. Lokacin da reel ɗin kebul ke aiki, injin koyaushe yana juyawa a alkiblar juyawar kebul. Lokacin da kayan ɗagawa suka motsa daga tushen wutar lantarki, kebul ɗin yana jan reel don juyawa, yana sa reel biyu su zame su saki kebul ɗin akan reel. Karfin juyi na filin maganadisu na haɗin hysteresis zai tabbatar da cewa kebul ɗin yana cikin yanayi mai tsauri yayin aikin sakin kebul. Idan kayan ɗagawa suka dawo, matsin lambar kebul ɗin da ke kan faifai zai ɓace, kuma faifai na kebul ɗin zai juya zuwa ga naɗewa don kammala yanayin jujjuyawar kebul.
Amfaninsa sune ƙaramin tsari, sauƙin shigarwa da kulawa, ƙarfin fitarwa mai daidaitawa bisa ga yanayin aiki na ainihi, kyakkyawan aikin birki na kai, babu buƙatar shigar da birki, da ingantaccen aikin gandar kebul. Tsarin sarrafawarsa mai sauƙi ne kuma ana iya haɗa shi da tsarin sarrafawa na gaba da na baya na kayan aikin. Muddin kayan aikin suna aiki, injin gandar zai yi aiki kuma jerin matakan ba zai canza ba. A lokacin aikin gandar kebul, haɗin hysteresis na iya daidaita saurin bisa ga saurin gudu na kayan aikin mai masaukin baki, don haka saurin layin gandar kebul don ja da saki kebul ɗin ya daidaita tare da saurin gudu na kayan aikin mai masaukin baki.
Rashin kyawunsa shine idan akwai babban ƙarfin kebul da kuma tsayin shigarwa mai yawa na mai masaukin baki, domin rage yawan zafin rotor da kuma ƙara tsawon rayuwar rotor, ya zama dole a ɗauki tsarin ƙira na ƙaramin ƙarfin juyi mai kai da yawa, wanda yake da tsada sosai.
Ya dace da manyan injuna da kayan aiki kamar su crane na tashar jiragen ruwa, crane na kwantena, na'urorin ɗaukar kaya na jiragen ruwa, crane na hasumiya, da sauransu. Waɗannan kayan aikin sun dace da wuraren da ke haɗa kebul da kuma wuraren tsakiya.
4.7. Kebul mai canzawa mai juyi
Motar mita mai canzawa tsarin shigarwa ne na B5, wanda aka haɗa kai tsaye zuwa ƙarshen shigarwar na'urar ragewa. An haɗa ƙarshen ɗaya na shaft ɗin fitarwa na mai ragewa zuwa reel ɗin kebul ta hanyar haɗin maɓalli, kuma ɗayan ƙarshen an haɗa shi da zoben zamewa na lantarki a cikin akwatin mai tarawa. An sanya mai ragewa da akwatin watsa zoben mai tarawa a saman tushe. Kabad ɗin sarrafa inverter ba shi da alaƙa da reel ɗin kebul, kuma ana iya zaɓar matsayin shigarwa da ya dace bisa ga ainihin yanayin. A ƙarƙashin vector mai rufewa (tare da sarrafa vector mai saurin firikwensin), inverter yana zaɓar yanayin sarrafa ƙarfin juyawa na buɗewa, kuma yana ƙididdige ainihin diamita na reel ɗin kebul ta hanyar haɗa kauri don sarrafa ƙarfin fitarwa na motar daidai, don haka tabbatar da cewa kebul ɗin ba zai haifar da canje-canjen tashin hankali ba saboda canje-canje a diamita na reel lokacin da aka ji rauni akan reel, wato, matsin lambar kebul ɗin yana dawwama. Reel ɗin kebul yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:
(1) A lokacin da ake naɗe kebul da kuma sassauta shi, ko ina kayan aikin ke aiki a kan hanya, matsin lambar da ke aiki a kai koyaushe yana nan daram, kuma ana iya daidaita matsin lambar kebul ba tare da wani sharaɗi ba ta hanyar shigar da sigogin inverter da kuma aikin maɓallan akwatin sarrafawa, wanda ke ƙara kariyar kebul ɗin kuma yana ƙara tsawon rayuwar kebul ɗin sosai.
(2) Reel ɗin zai iya amsawa da sauri ga canje-canje a cikin saurin aiki na kayan aiki kuma ana iya daidaita shi da kayan aikin. Aikinsa daidai ne kuma mai sauƙin fahimta.
(3) Yana karya gibin ƙirar kebul na gargajiya kamar nau'in hysteresis da nau'in injin juyawa. Ba a iyakance shi da takamaiman ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kebul ba, tsawon lanƙwasa, saurin kayan aiki da tsayin shigarwa. Kebul na kowane yanayi mai rikitarwa yana tuƙi ta hanyar injin mita mai canzawa mai ƙarfi daban-daban.
(4) Yana da ƙarfin daidaitawa kuma yana iya aiki akai-akai a ƙarƙashin babban nauyi duk rana.
(5) An haɗa na'urar da kayan aikin don kariyar aiki, wanda ke hana haɗurra kamar karyewar kebul.
(6) Injin juyawar mita yana da iko da kuma kariya ta hanyar na'urar canza mita, wanda zai iya tsawaita tsawon lokacin aikinsa.
(7) Na'urar kebul ta na'urar sarrafa mitar mai canzawa za ta iya canza mitar aiki ta atomatik na injin mitar mai canzawa na reel bisa ga matsin lamba da aka saita da kuma saurin aiki na kayan aikin mai masaukin baki (trolley), kuma tana aiki a kowane gudu daga 0 zuwa n (n shine saurin da ba a daidaita ba). Lokacin da aka kashe kayan aikin mai masaukin baki, birkin mitar mai canzawa na birkin reel na kebul zai tabbatar da cewa kebul bai zame ba.
Ribobi: zai iya sarrafa ƙarfi daidai, ya fi kare kebul ɗin, kuma ya tsawaita rayuwar kebul ɗin.
Rashin amfani: farashin shine mafi tsada a tsakanin samfuran makamantan su
Faɗin amfani: crane mai kama da tashar jiragen ruwa, crane na kwantena, na'urorin ɗaukar kaya na jiragen ruwa, crane na hasumiya da sauran injunan hannu masu nauyi da kayan aiki.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-23-2025